SOS-FCI: a secure offloading scheme in fog–cloud-based IoT

The Internet of Things (IoT) is growing and has significantly impacted today's life. Although the IoT plays an essential role in human life, it has processing limitations, and this has caused it to not perform well in the face of extensive processing. To solve this limitation in the IoT, the offloading technique is used. Due to the nature of wireless networks, which are constantly at risk of active and passive attacks, a third party can attack an IoT device when it wants to send a process to another device for offloading. We use SOS-FCI, a secure mutual authentication scheme for secure offloading using elliptic-curve cryptography, to solve this problem. The SOS-FCI scheme has been formally evaluated through the Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications tool and informally. Formal and informal security evaluation results show that the SOS-FCI scheme resists active and passive attacks. The SOS-FCI scheme has been assessed regarding computational and communication costs and security features with a similar scheme. The results show that the security features of the SOS-FCI scheme are superior to a similar scheme, and it has a high-cost ratio in terms of computational and communication costs. We simulated the SOS-FCI scheme with the NS3 tool. The simulation results in different modes show that packet loss, packet delivery, throughput, and end-to-end delay increase as the number of devices increases.