Recent progress on Majorana in semiconductor-superconductor heterostructures—engineering and detection

Majorana zero modes (MZMs) are exotic excitations (in condensed matter systems) of fundamental scientific interest and hold great promise as the basis of fault-tolerant topological quantum computation. Though MZMs have been predicted in many platforms, their existence is still under debate. In this paper, we review the recent progress in engineering and detecting MZMs in semiconductor-superconductor heterostructures. We also briefly review the protocols for implementing topological quantum computation by hybrid semiconductor-superconductor nanowires.