The lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status of type 2 diabetic patients in Kashmir (India)

The present study was to evaluate the redox balance in type 2 diabetes mellitus by measuring oxidative stress and antioxidant status along with lipid profile parameters in Kashmiri population. So far, no study has been undertaken on this aspect in Kashmiri population. We, therefore, aimed this maiden study in Kashmiri population to examine redox balance by measuring oxidative stress and antioxidant status along with lipid profile in 50 patients of diabetes mellitus type 2 and 30 matched normal subjects. Fifty patients of diabetes mellitus type 2 without any complications (mean age = 59.8 ± 10.4 years) and 30 normal subjects (mean age = 52.8 ± 12.8 years) were included in this study. Body mass index and waist/hip ratio was measured. Fasting blood sample was collected for the analysis of total antioxidant activity, plasma and urinary thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and lipid profile by standard procedures in both the groups. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL cholesterol, plasma, and urinary thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (raised oxidative stress) were significantly raised, whereas plasma total antioxidant activity was significantly reduced in diabetes mellitus type 2 patients as compared to controls. The comparison of old and fresh cases revealed that though total antioxidant activity was lower and plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and urinary thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were higher in patients, but did not attain the level of significance. W/H ratio is significantly higher in patients compared to normal subjects. But, no significant correlation of body mass index and waist/hip with lipid profile is observed in both control and patients. Raised oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, along with deranged lipid profile, increased W/H ratio and decreased antioxidant activity could be the risk factors in the development of complications associated with diabetes mellitus.