Private control and collective control in international joint ventures

■ This study separates joint venture control into private and collective control and examines how these two distinct types of control in IJVs are influenced by dyadic relations between cross-cultural partners. ■ Private control involves unilateral actions taken by an individual party to maximize its own interests and gain, whereas collective control involves bilateral actions taken jointly to pursue collective gain. ■ This study demonstrates that private and collective controls are neither exogenous nor predetermined but are instead shaped by mutual relationships between partners, together with transactional needs and environmental parameters. ■ Our analysis shows that superior dyadic relations, such as resource complementarity, operational integration, objective conformity, and interparty attachment, restrain private control and associated opportunism while enhancing collective control and associated cooperation. © Gabler Verlag 2007.