Diagnostics and treatment of vulvar and vaginal cancer

Vulvar cancer represents the fourth most common cancer of the female genital region with a standardized morbidity rate of 4.4/100,000 women in Germany. Vulvar cancer most often involves a squamous cell carcinoma induced by human papillomavirus (HPV) or autoimmune-based processes. Older women are more often affected and it is of greater clinical relevance than vaginal cancer. After detailed diagnostics of local findings and lymphatic drainage ducts, the treatment planning is multimodal and should be adjusted to the tumor stage and in close consultation with the patient. The treatment of vaginal cancer is carried out depending on the exact primary tumor localization. In cases of inoperability primary (chemo)radiotherapy is available. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature.