Fractal-based lightning model for investigation of lightning direct strokes to the communication towers

In this paper, a fractal-based Lightning model simulates lightning downward leaders to investigate the direct lightning strokes to the communication towers. This model mimics the zigzag and the branched nature of lightning leaders with high accuracy. This model has the ability to simulate the probabilistic behavior of lightning downward leaders is also well modeled by using the fractal method. This paper also uses a recently introduced new model for charge distribution within the lightning downward leader's branches. The striking distance for a telecommunication tower is calculated using the fractal model. The results are compared with the Leader Progression Model results. Also, the electric field on the ground near the lightning strike point is calculated and compared with the measured values. Then the number of lightning strikes on the tower and antenna is examined. The results show that despite using the lightning rod in this telecommunication tower, about 2% of lightning strikes the antenna installed on this tower, and a suitable solution should be considered to reduce these strikes.