Joint relay selection and opportunistic physical layer network coding for two-way relay channels

Physical layer network coding can significantly increase the throughput of two-way relay networks. However, fading phenomenon usually causes great asymmetry between two multiple access channels which can drastically degrade the performance of PNC protocol. To handle this issue, we propose an alternative detection method to improve the detection of physical layer network coded signal in multi-relay networks. First, we introduce single node detection to extract a single data from superimposed signal in the multiple access phase of physical layer network coding protocol. Then, we propose a relay selection method based on single node detection (RS-SND) and compare it to conventional relay selection method based on physical network coding (RS-PNC) in terms of average bit error rate for detection of XOR-ed data of the two source nodes. Closed-form expressions are derived for average BER of the proposed scheme and its asymptotic approximation at high signal to noise ratio. It is shown that RS-SND outperforms RS-PNC in Rayleigh fading channels when more than two relays are employed. Finally, we propose a relay selection-opportunistic physical layer network coding (RS-OPNC) method by dynamically selecting between RS-SND and RS-PNC schemes based on channel state information. Simulation results verify that RS-OPNC offers considerable SNR gain over conventional RS-PNC method.