Some New Old-Fashioned Modular Identities

This paper uses modular functions on the theta group to derive an exact formula for the sum \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} $$\sum\limits_{\left| j \right| \leqslant n^{{1 \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {1 2}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} 2}} } {\sigma \left( {n - j^2 } \right)} $$ \end{document} in terms of the singular series for the number of representations of an integer as a sum of five squares. (Here σ(k) denotes the sum of the divisors of k if k is a positive integer and σ(0) =-1/24.)