An update on the diagnosis and management of ejaculatory duct obstruction

Ejaculatory duct obstruction (EDO) is a surgically reversible cause of male factor infertility, diagnosed in 1–5% of infertile menEDO should be considered in the differential diagnosis of men presenting with nonspecific complaints related to sexual dysfunction such as periejaculatory pain, low volume ejaculate and haematospermiaCongenital causes of EDO include congenital atresia or stenosis of the ejaculatory ducts and Müllerian duct (utricular) or Wolffian duct (diverticular) cystsThe work-up of men presenting with possible EDO includes clinical examination, transurethral ultrasonography, semen analysis, chromotubation, seminal vesiculography and seminal vesicle aspirationTransurethral resection of ejaculatory ducts (TURED) remains the mainstay of treatment for EDO; complications after TURED occur in approximately 13–26% of patients