Molecular imaging in gynaecological oncology [Molekulare Bildgebung in der Gynäkologischen Onkologie]

Molecular imaging is defined as a method for visualising molecular, biochemical, or cellular processes in vivo. Multiple imaging modalities are currently used, each with their own markers, including biomolecules, labelled cells, and conjugates. Clinically, the methods of nuclear medicine and magnetic resonance are most prominent; preclinically, optical methods dominate. In the field of tumour diagnostics and oncological therapy monitoring, functional properties such as tissue perfusion, cell proliferation, and several aspects of metabolism are being visualised; characteristic protein expression patterns of tumours represent attractive targets for molec-ular markers as well. In gynaecological oncology, the oestrogen receptor and the human epidermal growth factor receptor HER2 are the primary targets of current research. Because of their high specificity, the methods are well suited for selection of individualised therapies; their high sensitivity permits early assessment of their success. Molecular diagnostics and therapy are closely intertwined and provide treatment strategies optimised for the individual patient. © Springer Medizin Verlag 2009.