Daphnia magna demonstrated sufficient sensitivity in techno-economic optimization of lignocellulose bioethanol production

Notable progress has been achieved in the past two decades regarding production of different enzymatic mixtures for hydrolysis of the lignocellulose matrix. Nevertheless, the hydrolysing mixtures remain slow and require tempering, which results in high-energy demands and bad financial results. Use of acids or alkali at a very high temperature and pressure accelerates the process more than ten times wherein the energy requirements are approximately equal. However, these elevated reaction conditions might cause the breakdown of complex lignin formula into substances that have the potential to inhibit subsequent fermentation processes. Formation of these breakdown products may be prevented by selecting the optimum process parameters, but their acquisition requires either a large number of expensive analytical techniques or equally large amounts of slow fermentation tests. An inexpensive and time saving alternative that is based on the sensitivity of chosen organisms to these inhibitors was designed and financially assessed. It was confirmed that the method is technically feasible and economically viable with significant potential to reduce the bioethanol production cost.