Relationship and integrated development of low-carbon economy, food safety, and agricultural mechanization

The organic integration of food security and agricultural mechanization has become a challenge to realize a low-carbon economy, which helps promote carbon peaking and carbon neutralization. In this work, a simultaneous equation model has developed to analyze the relationship between food security, agricultural automation, and agricultural carbon emissions in China. The ordinary least square method was used to verify the method. The logarithmic mean Divisia index decomposition was used to decompose further the influencing factors of agricultural carbon emissions. Results show that the organic coupling of a low-carbon economy, food security, and agricultural mechanization positively affects environmental protection. In which, unit fertilizer usage and crop sown area have the greatest impact on carbon emission intensity, followed by agricultural diesel fuel and agricultural plastic film. It is worth noting that the bottom line of the grain sown area cannot be touched. It is a prerequisite for ensuring grain production. Finally, this paper presents suggestions based on China’s achievements, where the top-level design is crucial.