A contemporary investigation of metal additive manufacturing techniques

In the current timeframe, manufacturing industries and different organizations are paying attention to new manufacturing strategies to sustain their market survival. Metal Additive Manufacturing (MAM) is one of the transforming techniques, which can produce complex and customized products to satisfy its customer presently at a small scale. Over the last few years, it has reconstructed the global production and logistics parts system due to an increase in its utilization in different industries. In AM process, components are fabricated by adding material layers one over another in a line-by-line pattern via a 3D computerized model as a guide. For this, the use of fittings, joints, processing tools, coolants and other supplementary equipment are not needed. Although, this process is limited by poor productivity, low quality, and anisotropic behavior of parts after printing, yet the purpose of this study is to be aware of the currently available MAM techniques based on beam and non-beam energy sources and discussed their process mechanism. This article discussed the importance of process parameters, the analysis of defects and their detection in fabricated components. This study will provide insight view and encourage engineers and researchers in academic and industrial applications to enhance the technology more efficiently.