Noninvasive and reliable automated detection of spreading depolarization in severe traumatic brain injury using scalp EEG

Physical injury to the brain, for example due to head trauma, may worsen over time, resulting in long-term disability or death. A spreading depolarization is a slowly spreading wave in the brain, which, if detected, can be used to predict worsening brain injuries. Current methods to detect spreading depolarizations require surgeries, which are risky and unlikely to be recommended to patients with mild brain injuries. In this work, we develop an automated monitoring technique for non-surgical, non-invasive detection of spreading depolarizations, called WAVEFRONT. We validated the performance of WAVEFRONT in 12 patients with severe brain injury. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of non-invasive detection of spreading depolarizations. Our approach can potentially help clinicians predict outcomes of brain injury patients, and tailor treatments accordingly.