Preconditioning Modified-Easix as a Predictor of Prognosis in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHCT) is associated with severe complications, most of which share a common physiopathological background characterized by endothelial dysfunction. A novel risk assessment model, endothelial activation and stress index (EASIX), has been introduced as a predictor of endothelial activation. This retrospective study was performed to evaluate the predictive impact of EASIX/modified-EASIX (mEASIX) on transplant outcome. Medical records of 398 alloHCT recipients [median age: 43(17–71) years; M/F: 243/155] were examined. EASIX/mEASIX were calculated at specific time points before and after transplantation. EASIX/mEASIX were significantly associated with transplant complications including engraftment syndrome, sinusoidal obstruction syndrome, febrile neutropenia and transplant associated thrombotic microangiopathy. The probability of overall survival was significantly higher in low-preconditioning mEASIX (day -7) group (37% vs 25.2%; p = 0.008; HR: 2.057; 95% CI: 1.208–3.504). The probabilities of day30 mortality (2.9% vs 19.4%; p = 0.017; HR: 7.028; 95% CI: 1.418–34.836), day100 mortality (9% vs 33%; p = 0.004; HR: 4.469; 95% CI: 1.619–12.336) and non relapse mortality (44.8% vs 61.4%; p = 0.005; HR: 2.551; 95% CI: 1.318–4.941) were lower in low-preconditioning mEASIX (day -7) group. This retrospective cohort analysis demonstrates the significant impact of EASIX/mEASIX on transplant complications and survival. Prospective analyses are mandatory to assess the predictive role of EASIX/mEASIX in clinical practice.