Region-Specific Susceptibilities to Cuprizone-Induced Demyelination of C57BL/6 Mouse: In vivo T2WI and DTI Studies at 7.0T

The cuprizone (CPZ) mouse model of demyelination was recognized and used to explore multiple sclerosis (MS)-like brain lesions. In this study, we assessed CPZ-treated mice using T2-weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). C57BL/6 mice treated with 2 weeks of 0.2 % CPZ-containing diet (n = 10) and regular chow diet (n = 10) were scanned with a 7.0 T MRI scanner (Agilent, USA), respectively, using fast spin-echo and fast spin-echo DTI sequences. The normalized T2 signal intensity (normalized to the cerebrospinal fluid) was calculated and fractional anisotropy (FA value), mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity and radial diffusivity were measured in the brain region of the cerebral cortex (CTX), caudate putamen (CP), hippocampus (HP) and thalamus (TH). Compared with controls, increased normalized T2 signal intensities and reduced FA values (p < 0.05) were observed in the CTX, HP and CP (p < 0.01), but not in TH in cuprizone-fed mice. In the regions of reduced FA values, an increase in mean diffusivity (p < 0.05) and radial diffusivity (p < 0.05) was also found. Significant decreased axial diffusivity was only observed in CTX (p < 0.05). DTI is sensitive to detecting cuprizone-induced demyelination of C57BL/6 mice. This study suggests that CTX, HP and CP are more susceptible to cuprizone-induced demyelination than TH. Our results also indicate that the decrease of FA value may be more likely due to increased radial diffusivity.