Cement-Free Refractory Concretes. Part 1. General Information. Hcbs and Ceramic Concretes

The general nature of the dependence of engineering and service characteristics of refractory concretes with an average cement content, and also low-cement (LCRC), ultra-low cement (ULCRC) and cement-free (CFRC), on the content of CaO (or HAC) in them is analyzed. Significant advantages of cement-free concretes are the reduced moisture content of the concrete mixture, which determines their increased density, a continuous increase in strength (absence of a softening temperature range typical for LCRC and ULCRC), and improved thermomechanical and operational characteristics. With use of CFRC, the insurmountable complexity of the LCRC and ULCRC connected with their initial heating in the dehydration temperature range of the HAC (up to 450°C) is resolved. The main provisions and stages of creating HCBS or artificial ceramic binders as a matrix system of ceramic concrete, i.e., LCRC with improved characteristics, are described. Classification of HCBS groups proposed by the author based on the chemical nature of their solid phase is considered.