Paradoxical effects of the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine on docetaxel-induced toxicity in PC-3 and LNCaP prostate cancer cells

被引:0
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作者
Rebecca D. Pickard
Briohny H. Spencer
Amelia J. McFarland
Nijole Bernaitis
Andrew K. Davey
Anthony V. Perkins
Russ Chess-Williams
Catherine M. McDermott
Amanda Forbes
David Christie
Shailendra Anoopkumar-Dukie
机构
[1] Griffith University,Griffith Health Institute
[2] Griffith University,School of Pharmacy
[3] Griffith University,School of Medical Science
[4] Bond University,Centre for Urology Research
[5] Genesis CancerCare,undefined
关键词
Docetaxel; LNCaP; PC-3; 3-Methyladenine; Autophagy; Prostate cancer;
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摘要
Docetaxel was the first chemotherapeutic agent to increase survival time in patients with androgen-resistant prostate cancer. However, it provides only a modest increase in survival and is associated with significant toxicity. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify potential adjunct therapies. Given the key role of autophagy in both tumour survival and chemoresistance, the impact of autophagy modulation on docetaxel toxicity was tested in vitro. PC-3 and LNCaP cells were pre-treated with the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (5 mM) and then exposed to various concentrations (0–100 μM) of docetaxel. Cytoxic effects of docetaxel were measured using resazurin reduction to resorufin, whilst autophagy and apoptosis was measured using monodansylcadaverine, annexin V and caspase-3, respectively. Docetaxel produced significant toxicity in PC-3 cells but was not toxic to LNCaP cells. Pre-treatment with the autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine (5 mM) significantly protected PC-3 cells against docetaxel-induced cytotoxicity, increased autophagosome formation and apoptosis measured using monodansylcadaverine, annexin V and caspase-3 fluorescence, respectively. In contrast, 3-methyladenine was toxic by itself in LNCaP cells and also increased autophagic vesicle formation and apoptosis but did not influence docetaxel toxicity in these cells. These paradoxical effects of 3-methyladenine were largely independent of reactive oxygen species production. We show here that modulation of autophagy may influence docetaxel-induced toxicity in prostate cancer cells and these effects may differ between cell lines.
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页码:793 / 799
页数:6
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