Thermosize Effects of Ideal Fermi Gases Confined in Micro/Nano-Scale Tubes

It is found that when two micro/nano-scale tubes of different areas of cross sections filled with identical Fermi gas are connected to each other and the two junctions are kept at different temperatures, the finite-size effect will result in the “thermosize effects”, which are analogous to thermoelectric effects in conductors and/or semiconductors. Expressions for the important parameters related to the thermosize effects, including the Seebeck-like chemical potential difference, Peltier-like heat, and Thomson-like heat, are derived in the cases of both strong degeneracy and non-degeneracy. It may be expected that there will be some novel practical applications for these thermosize effects.