The aim of this study is to estimate the extent to which children and adolescents with hearing impairment (HI) show higher rates of emotional and behavioural difficulties compared to normally hearing children. Studies of emotional and behavioural difficulties in children and adolescents were traced from computerized systematic searches supplemented, where appropriate, by studies referenced in previous narrative reviews. Effect sizes (Hedges’ g) were calculated for all studies. Meta-analyses were conducted on the weighted effect sizes obtained for studies adopting the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and on the unweighted effect sizes for non-SDQ studies. 33 non-SDQ studies were identified in which emotional and behavioural difficulties in children with HI could be compared to normally hearing children. The unweighted average g for these studies was 0.36. The meta-analysis of the 12 SDQ studies gave estimated effect sizes of 0.23 (95 % CI 0.07, 0.40), 0.34 (95 % CI 0.19, 0.49) and −0.01 (95 % CI −0.32, 0.13) for Parent, Teacher and Self-ratings of Total Difficulties, respectively. The SDQ sub-scale showing consistent differences across raters between groups with HI and those with normal hearing was Peer Problems. Children and adolescents with HI have scores on emotional and behavioural difficulties measures about a quarter to a third of a standard deviation higher than hearing children. Children and adolescents with HI are in need of support to help their social relationships particularly with their peers.
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Univ Southampton, Fac Social & Human Sci, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, EnglandUniv Southampton, Fac Social & Human Sci, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England
Stevenson, Jim
Kreppner, Jana
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Univ Southampton, Fac Social & Human Sci, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, EnglandUniv Southampton, Fac Social & Human Sci, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England
Kreppner, Jana
Pimperton, Hannah
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Univ Southampton, Fac Med, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, EnglandUniv Southampton, Fac Social & Human Sci, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England
Pimperton, Hannah
Worsfold, Sarah
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Univ Southampton, Fac Med, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, EnglandUniv Southampton, Fac Social & Human Sci, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England
Worsfold, Sarah
Kennedy, Colin
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Univ Southampton, Fac Med, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, EnglandUniv Southampton, Fac Social & Human Sci, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England
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Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 660 S Euclid Ave,POB 8115, St Louis, MO 63110 USAWashington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 660 S Euclid Ave,POB 8115, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
Fischer, Caroline
Tran, Kayla
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Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 660 S Euclid Ave,POB 8115, St Louis, MO 63110 USAWashington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 660 S Euclid Ave,POB 8115, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
Tran, Kayla
Rachakonda, Tara
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Univ Utah, Dept Internal Med, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USAWashington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 660 S Euclid Ave,POB 8115, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
Rachakonda, Tara
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Kallogjeri, Dorina
Lieu, Judith E. C.
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Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 660 S Euclid Ave,POB 8115, St Louis, MO 63110 USAWashington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 660 S Euclid Ave,POB 8115, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
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Univ Hong Kong, Sch Biomed Sci, Li Ka Shing Fac Med, Hong Kong, Peoples R ChinaUniv Hong Kong, Sch Biomed Sci, Li Ka Shing Fac Med, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
Pan, Yining
Shea, Yat-Fung
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Univ Hong Kong, Li Ka Shing Fac Med, Dept Med, Queen Mary Hosp, Hong Kong, Peoples R ChinaUniv Hong Kong, Sch Biomed Sci, Li Ka Shing Fac Med, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
Shea, Yat-Fung
Li, Siwen
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Univ Hong Kong, Sch Biomed Sci, Li Ka Shing Fac Med, Hong Kong, Peoples R ChinaUniv Hong Kong, Sch Biomed Sci, Li Ka Shing Fac Med, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
Li, Siwen
Chen, Ruijun
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Univ Hong Kong, Sch Biomed Sci, Li Ka Shing Fac Med, Hong Kong, Peoples R ChinaUniv Hong Kong, Sch Biomed Sci, Li Ka Shing Fac Med, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
Chen, Ruijun
Mak, Henry Ka-Fung
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Univ Hong Kong, Dept Diagnost Radiol, Hong Kong, Peoples R ChinaUniv Hong Kong, Sch Biomed Sci, Li Ka Shing Fac Med, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
Mak, Henry Ka-Fung
Chiu, Patrick Ka-Chun
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Univ Hong Kong, Li Ka Shing Fac Med, Dept Med, Queen Mary Hosp, Hong Kong, Peoples R ChinaUniv Hong Kong, Sch Biomed Sci, Li Ka Shing Fac Med, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
Chiu, Patrick Ka-Chun
Chu, Leung-Wing
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Univ Hong Kong, Li Ka Shing Fac Med, Dept Med, Queen Mary Hosp, Hong Kong, Peoples R ChinaUniv Hong Kong, Sch Biomed Sci, Li Ka Shing Fac Med, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
Chu, Leung-Wing
Song, You-qiang
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Univ Hong Kong, Sch Biomed Sci, Li Ka Shing Fac Med, Hong Kong, Peoples R ChinaUniv Hong Kong, Sch Biomed Sci, Li Ka Shing Fac Med, Hong Kong, Peoples R China