Performance evaluation of PDM/SAC-OCDMA-FSO communication system using DPS code under fog, dust and rain

A new hybrid polarization division multiplexing (PDM) spectral amplitude coding optical code division multiple access (SAC-OCDMA) is proposed for free space optical (FSO) for capacity enhancement. Two polarization signals are utilized; one is x-polarization and carries three different channels at 0° azimuthal angle while the other is y-polarization at 90° azimuthal angle, and carries the same three channels. Each channel is assigned with a diagonal permutation shift (DPS) code and carries 10 Gbps. The suggested system is simulated, and its performance is evaluated in terms of maximum allowable number of users, propagation range, bit error rate (BER), Q-factor, and received power for the different channels under various fog, dust storm, and rain scenarios. The reported results indicate that the system can support a signal travelling up to 2, 0.9, and 1.3 km, respectively, under light fog (LF), light dust (LD), and light rain (LR). As the level of these weather conditions is increased from light to moderate, the FSO link length decreases to 1.3, 0.25, and 1.8 km under medium fog (MF), medium dust (MD), and medium rain (MR), respectively. Furthermore, the shortest propagation range is achieved as the level of weather conditions becomes heavy, where the FSO link range becomes 1, 0.095, and 1.1 km under heavy fog (HF), heavy dust (HD), and heavy rain (HR), respectively. All these ranges are considered at BER ≤ 10–3 and a received power ≤ − 27 dBm with 60 Gbps overall data transmission. This new hybrid FSO system is suggested to be implemented in desert areas that affects by dust storms and in 5G wireless transmission communications.