Effect of cashew nut protein concentrate substitution on the physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity and consumer acceptability of wheat bread

The effect of incorporating different proportions (5, 10, 15 and 20%) of cashew nut protein concentrate (CNPC) on the physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity and consumer acceptability of bread was investigated. Substitution of wheat flour with CNPC increased the water and oil absorption capacity, swelling capacity, peak and final viscosities. Substitution of CNPC in wheat bread significantly increased the protein (12.69–22.04 g/100 g), ash, crude fiber, calcium, magnesium, iron (2.09–3.36 mg/100 g), phosphorus and zinc (0.79–1.57 mg/100 g) content, while carbohydrate value decreased. Substitution of wheat flour with CNPC in bread increased the loaf weight while specific volume decreased (4.36–2.21 cm3/g). Acceptable bread was prepared with up to 15% CNPC; which contained the highest total phenolics (2.64 mg GAE/g), DPPH radical scavenging activity (71.22 µmol TE/100 g), ferric reducing antioxidant power (427.77 µmol TE/100 g) and ABTS radical scavenging activity (195.68 µmol TE/100 g) than the 100% wheat bread (1.28 mg GAE/g, 40.81 µmol TE/100 g, 375.62 µmol TE/100 g and 154.02 µmol TE/100 g).