A family of quaternion-valued pipelined second-order Volterra adaptive filters for nonlinear system identification

This paper primarily proposes a family of quaternion Volterra filters based on the feedforward pipelined structure (QPSOVAFs) for nonlinear quaternion system identification to reduce the computational complexity. Then, the strictly nonlinear QPSOVAF (SNL-QPSOVAF), semi-widely nonlinear QPSOVAF(SWNL-QPSOVAF) and widely nonlinear QPSOVAF (WNL-QPSOVAF) are proposed. This architecture consists of several quaternion-valued second-order Volterra (SOV) modules. The structure’s nonlinear subsection executes a nonlinear mapping from the input space to an intermediate space using the feedforward SOV; the linear combiner subsection performs a linear mapping from the intermediate space to the output space. Moreover, the theoretical analysis expresses the effectiveness of the proposed QPSOVAFs in a specific condition. Finally, simulation results further prove that the proposed QPSOVAFs have good performance in identifying the quaternion-valued nonlinear system.