Mammalian Srb/Mediator complex is targeted by adenovirus E1A protein

Adenovirus E1A proteins prepare the host cell for viral replication, stimulating cell cycling and viral transcription through interactions with critical cellular regulatory proteins such as RB1,2 and CBP3. Here we show that the E1A zinc-finger domain that is required to activate transcription of viral early genes binds to a host-cell multiprotein complex containing homologues of yeast Srb/Mediator proteins4,5. This occurs through a stable interaction with the human homologue of Caenorhabditis elegans SUR-2, a protein required for many developmental processes in the nematode6. This human Srb/Mediator complex stimulates transcription in vitro in response to both the E1A zinc-finger and the herpes simplex virus VP16 activation domains. Interaction with human Sur-2 is also required for transcription to be activated by the activation domain of a transcription factor of the ETS-family in response to activated mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase.