Optimization of linear and nonlinear sidewall storage units using coupled boundary element-finite element methods

In this research, a numerical model is developed for optimization of storage tanks based on sloshing phenomenon. The sloshing of the liquid can increase the dynamic pressure on the partially filled storage tank sidewalls and bottom to endanger its integrity. The coupled boundary element-finite element methods were used to solve the Laplace equation as governing equation and nonlinear free surface boundary conditions. The numerical model is validated against available data. Different sections for the liquid storage tanks such as rectangular tank with different aspect ratios, trapezoidal tanks with linear and nonlinear sidewalls, different sidewall angles and different widths were examined. Finally the best cross sections of storage tank based on minimization of the pressure and forces exerted on the perimeter of the tank due to sloshing phenomenon were suggested. The results showed that using nonlinear sidewalls in storage tank dramatically decreases the sloshing pressure on the perimeter of the tank.