Improved electrochemical performance of bio-derived plasticized starch/ reduced graphene oxide/ molybdenum disulfide ternary nanocomposite for flexible energy storage applications

A ternary nanocomposite of plasticized starch (PS), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) was prepared via a solution casting process, with MoS2 concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 1.00 wt%. The structural, surface morphological, optical, and electrochemical properties of the nanocomposites were studied. FTIR analysis reveals the formation of new chemical bonds between PS, rGO, and MoS2, indicating strong interactions among them. The XRD analysis showed a reduction in the crystallinity of the nanocomposite from 40 to 21% due to the incorporation of nanofiller. FESEM micrograph showed an increment of the surface roughness due to the incorporation of rGO-MoS2 layers. UV–vis spectroscopy demonstrated a reduction of optical bandgap from 4.71 to 2.90 eV, resulting from enhanced charge transfer between the layers and defect states due to the addition of nanofillers. The incorporation of MoS2 increase the specific capacitance of the PS from 2.78 to 124.98 F g−1 at a current density of 0.10 mA g−1. The EIS analysis revealed that the nanofiller significantly reduces the charge transfer resistance from 4574 to 0 Ω, facilitating the ion transportation between the layers. The PS/rGO/MoS2 nanocomposite also exhibited excellent stability, retaining about 85% of its capacitance up to 10,000 charging-discharging cycles. These biocompatible polymer-based nanocomposites with improved electrochemical performance synthesized from an easy and economical route may offer a promising direction to fabricate a nature-friendly electrode material for energy storage applications.