Zone-based dual sub sink for network lifetime maximization in wireless sensor network

Wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of large number of tiny sensor nodes connected through wireless network. The major challenge of WSN is to ensure lifetime extension of sensor nodes, as they are battery powered. Static or mobile sinks are deployed for data acquisition from these sensor nodes. Nodes near the sink are responsible to relay data from other nodes, raising the possibility of energy wear out of these nodes. This paper discusses on the extension of lifetime of sensor nodes that are near the trajectory of the mobile sink, in particular considering navigation in fixed trajectory. Energy efficient zone-based dual sub sink protocol with dual cluster head is developed to schedule the data transmission of these relay nodes with mobile sink. The hybrid adaptive time synchronization method minimizes collision during data transfer between clusters and helps to improve the throughput of the network. It is proved from simulation and real time experiments that the proposed protocol outperforms the existing techniques in terms of energy utilization and throughput.