The effect of acceleration on continuous-variable quantum key distribution with discrete modulation

The influence of gravity on quantum key distribution cannot be ignored in practical space communication. This paper provides a thorough analysis of the effectiveness of gravity on continuous-variable quantum key distribution with discrete-modulated states. By calculating the acceleration in both inertial and non-inertial reference systems based on the discrete variable variance calculation formula, the gain coefficient is obtained. Based on this parameter, an improved protocol with a high key rate over a spatial transmission distance of 390 km is proposed, enabling the practical application of quantum key distribution techniques. The results can be used to demonstrate the performance of continuous-variable quantum key distribution with discrete modulation influenced by gravity. This paper not only extends the range of discrete modulation states, but also enhances the impact of relativistic quantum information.