A microRNA component of the p53 tumour suppressor network

The tumour suppressor p53 is the most commonly mutated gene in human cancers, and probably nearly all tumours have a lesion somewhere in this pathway. The p53 network is activated in response to numerous insults to restrain inappropriate cell proliferation either via growth arrest or cell death. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly recognized for playing important parts in cancer, but little is know about how miRNA expression is regulated. Now a miRNA component of the p53 tumour suppressor network has been identified: p53 directly activates the transcription of the miR-34 family of miRNAs, which themselves suppress cell proliferation. Though dozens of p53 targets are known in mammals, miR-34 is unusual in that it is also present in Drosophila and the nematode worm C. elegans. This suggests that the link between p53 and miR-34 may have arisen early in the evolution of the p53 network.