Non-polio Enteroviruses in Acute Flaccid Paralysis

Objective : Human enteroviruses are the major cause of aseptic meningitis and also cause a wide range of other acute illnesses, including neonatal sepsis like disease, meningitis, acute flaccid paralysis and acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis. Infection in neonates is particularly life threatening. Methods : Stool samples of 523 children (age<4years) showing symptoms of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) were studied. National Polio Surveillance Project workers from different parts of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar collected the samples during June to October 1998. Non-polio enteroviruses (NPEV) were isolated in 191 cases only, by cell culture based neutralization assay. These NPEV isolates were further studied to find the frequent enterovirus serotype detected in stool of children having AFP. Result : Data generated will help future studies on NPEV serotypes circulating in this area. Conclusion : In addition it may reduce unnecessary hospitalization, allow immune globulin batches of high titres to frequently circulating serotypes, to be reserved for intravenous therapy of neonates and guide the formulation of antigens for rapid and less expensive diagnosis.