Three-dimensional Voronoi Diagram–based Self-deployment Algorithm in IoT Sensor Networks

With the rapid development of 4G/5G technology and the Internet of Things (IoT), data security and privacy problems are becoming more serious. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs), as the main data source of IoT, are an important stage to ensure data availability and data privacy protection. In this paper, a novel deployment algorithm for 3D WSNs based on the Voronoi diagram is proposed. The algorithm uses the characteristics of adjacency and fast partition of the Voronoi diagram to realize fast division of the 3D monitoring area, calculates the center of each Voronoi area as the latest position of node, repeatedly builds the Voronoi diagram to maximize the coverage of the monitoring area, and maximizes the availability and integrity of data. At the same time, the 4G/5G communication technology is used to realize communication between nodes, and data encryption is used to improve data security. An improved algorithm is also proposed to adapt to different deployment conditions. In this paper, data and privacy security are protected from data sources, and the effectiveness of the algorithm is tested by computer simulation.