Adaptive projective lag synchronization of uncertain complex dynamical networks with delay coupling

This paper investigates the problem of projective lag synchronization behavior with delayed coupling in drive-response dynamical networks model with identical and non-identical nodes. An adaptive control method is designed to achieve the projective lag synchronization with constant time delay and with time-varying coupling delay. In addition the model harbors fully unknown parameters and disturbances. By using Lyapunov stability theory and adaptive laws, the unknown parameters are estimated. In addition, the unknown bounded mismatch and disturbance terms are also overcome by the proposed control. Finally, the simulation results reveal that the states of the dynamical network with delayed coupling can be asymptotically synchronized onto a desired scaling factor under the designed controller. Additionally, the results prove the validity of the proposed method.