Analysis of energy efficiency of small cell base station in 4G/5G networks

Base Stations (BSs) sleeping strategy is an efficient way to obtain the energy efficiency of cellular networks. To meet the increasing demand of high-data-rate for wireless applications, small cell BSs provide a promising and feasible approach but that consumes more power. Hence, energy efficiency in small cell BSs is a major issue to be concerned. To get the energy efficiency, in this research work, we have addressed the total power consumption and delay of User Requests (URs) in the small cell as well as 5G small cell BSs with sleeping strategy and N limited scheme. One of the effective ways to reduce the power consumption is introduce BSs sleeping strategy. Here, the small cell BSs are modeled as a M/G/1 queueing system with two different types of sleep modes namely, short sleep mode and long sleep mode. Short sleep mode is consists of maximum M number of short sleep. Here, the steady state probabilities of the small cell BSs in active, short sleep and long sleep modes are derived using supplementary variable technique. The expressions for expected power consumption and expected delay are also obtained. Finally, to get the energy consumption from the small cell BSs, the optimization of expected power consumption and expected delay is presented. The numerical results displays the impact of various parameters on power consumption and delay in small cell BSs. Also, the comparative analysis for the proposed model with the existing model has been presented.