Spatio-temporal Environmental Risk of Fertilization of China

Studies on spatio-temporal environmental risk of fertilization in China were made based on the model of fertilization environmental risk index (FERI), which includes such variables as fertilization intensity, fertilization efficiency, fertilization environmental safety standard, multiple cropping index. Results showed that China's total fertilizer consumption has grown strongly from 1980 to 2013. The fertilization environmental risk degree reached to the medium in 2013 from the safety in 1990, through the light degree in 1995. Among 31 provinces The there were 7 severe risk areas, including Henan, Tianjin, Guangdong, Fujian, Beijing, Hainan and Shaanxi provinces, 16 medium risk areas and 8 light risk areas in 2013. Overload fertilizers have resulted in serious environmental problems in some areas of China. It made the concentration of NO3-N increasing in the groundwater and acidification of soil. So it would be urgent for China to establish special laws to protect soils and waters by controlling and regulating the use of fertilizers in agriculture.