Genome-Wide Characterization of WRKY Transcription Factors Revealed Gene Duplication and Diversification in Populations of Wild to Domesticated Barley

被引:11
|
作者
Kan, Jinhong [1 ]
Gao, Guangqi [1 ]
He, Qiang [1 ]
Gao, Qian [1 ]
Jiang, Congcong [1 ]
Ahmar, Sunny [1 ]
Liu, Jun [1 ]
Zhang, Jing [1 ]
Yang, Ping [1 ]
机构
[1] Chinese Acad Agr Sci CAAS, Inst Crop Sci, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China
关键词
barley; WRKY transcription factors; diversity; domestication; adaptation; MOTIF-CONTAINING PROTEINS; FACTOR FAMILY; EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; DNA-BINDING; TRIGGERED IMMUNITY; STRESS TOLERANCE; ABIOTIC STRESSES; BASAL DEFENSE; DRAFT GENOME; ARABIDOPSIS;
D O I
10.3390/ijms22105354
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
The WRKY transcription factors (WRKYs) are known for their crucial roles in biotic and abiotic stress responses, and developmental and physiological processes. In barley, early studies revealed their importance, whereas their diversity at the population scale remains hardly estimated. In this study, 98 HsWRKYs and 103 HvWRKYs have been identified from the reference genome of wild and cultivated barley, respectively. The tandem duplication and segmental duplication events from the cultivated barley were observed. By taking advantage of early released exome-captured sequencing datasets in 90 wild barley accessions and 137 landraces, the diversity analysis uncovered synonymous and non-synonymous variants instead of loss-of-function mutations that had occurred at all WRKYs. For majority of WRKYs, the haplotype and nucleotide diversity both decreased in cultivated barley relative to the wild population. Five WRKYs were detected to have undergone selection, among which haplotypes of WRKY9 were enriched, correlating with the geographic collection sites. Collectively, profiting from the state-of-the-art barley genomic resources, this work represented the characterization and diversity of barley WRKY transcription factors, shedding light on future deciphering of their roles in barley domestication and adaptation.
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页数:17
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