Dynamics of the Asian shipping network in adjacent ports: Comparative case studies of Shanghai-Ningbo and Hong Kong-Shenzhen

The evolution of adjacent container ports enhances the Asian port system. This study analyzes the dynamics of the Asian shipping network in adjacent ports, a case study of Shanghai-Ningbo and Hong Kong-Shenzhen ports. The competition between the adjacent port groups, assessed by offset growth rate is analyzed using the Shift Share model. The dynamics of port centrality and connection are then analyzed using the complex network index. Additionally, the dynamics of the external links of the ports in the network are analyzed using an interlocking network model. The results highlight that the container throughput of Shanghai and Ningbo ports increases simultaneously, while the container throughput of Hong Kong and Shenzhen presents the trade-off phenomenon. The two adjacent port groups generate geographically dispersed networks of container flow in the Asian region. International route patterns and port coverages of Shanghai and Ningbo have a high degree of similarity, while that of Hong Kong and Shenzhen are different. Interestingly, Shanghai-Ningbo demonstrate a dramatic growth pattern, whereas Hong Kong-Shenzhen exhibit a shifting pattern. The findings of this study can be used by the sector to understand the evolution process of the port system and provide useful guidance for adjacent port groups to improve their efficiency.