Calogero-Moser systems in SU(N) Seiberg-Witten theory

The Seiberg-Witten curve and differential for N = 2 supersymmetric SU(N) gauge theory, with a massive hypermultiplet in the adjoint representation of the gauge group, are analyzed in terms of the elliptic Calogero-Moser integrable system. A new parametrization for the Calogero-Moser spectral curves is found, which exhibits the classical vacuum expectation values of the scalar field of the gauge multiplet. The one-loop perturbative correction to the effective prepotential is evaluated explicitly, and found to agree with quantum field theory predictions. A renormalization group equation for the variation with respect to the coupling is derived for the effective prepotential, and may be evaluated in a weak-coupling series using residue methods only. This gives a simple and efficient algorithm for the instanton corrections to the effective prepotential to any order. The one-and two-instanton corrections are derived explicitly. Finally, it is shown that certain decoupling limits yield N = 2 supersymmetric theories for simple gauge groups SU(N-1) with hypermultiplets in the fundamental representation, while others yield theories for product gauge groups SU(N-1) x ... x SU(N-p), with hypermultiplets in fundamental and bi-fundamental representations, The spectral curves obtained this way for these models agree with the ones proposed by Witten using D-branes and M-theory. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.