Retinal arterial wall plaques in Susac syndrome

PURPOSE: To demonstrate retinal arterial wall plaques (RAWPs) in patients with Susac syndrome, a disorder that consists of the triad of branch retinal artery occlu sion, encephalopathy, and hearing loss. The clinician may misinterpret these RAWPs as emboli. DESIGN: Observational case series. METHODS: Four patients (one man and three women, aged 21-38 years) were examined and followed. RESULTS: Four patients with Susac syndrome had AWPs in association with branch retinal artery occlu, sions. They were present in six of eight eyes. The plaques were yellow to yellow-white and located usually away from retinal bifurcations. Retinal arterial wall plaques occur at the midarteriolar segments, whereas Hollenhorst plaques occur at vascular bifurcations. Four of six eyes had resolution of the plaques. CONCLUSIONS: Retinal arterial wall plaques may occur with branch retinal artery occlusions in Susac syndrome. This finding should help the clinician who is struggling to make a diagnosis in a patient with an enigmatic encephalopathy and/or hearing loss. These plaques may resolve over time. (C) 2003 by Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.