3D inversion of audio-magnetotelluric data for mineral exploration: A case study of Layikeleke buried porphyry copper deposit, Xinjiang, China

Layikeleke copper deposit is a large-scale porphyry copper polymetallic buried deposit, which has been discovered recently in the eastern Junggar area of Xinjiang. Mineralization occurred in the Late Silurian and Early Devonian with the copper body mainly confined to tonalite. To find new ore bodies, it is necessary to map the 3D spatial distribution of the tonalite. For this reason, we deployed audio-magnetotelluric (AMT) sounding in the research area, collected 26 profiles and 1198 measuring points, carried out 3D inversion calculations of off-diagonal elements in the impedance tensor data using the nonlinear conjugate gradient method, and obtained a 3D electrical structure model. The electrical structure reveals two groups of NW-SE trending middle and middle low resistivity anomaly zones, which intersect the high resistivity bedrock area in the northwest of the study area. Based on the electrical data, it can be inferred that the medium low resistance tonalite in the northern part of the study area is the host rock of the porphyry copper polymetallic deposit, which has been verified by borehole data. The results of 3D AMT inversion depict the spatial distribution and depth variation characteristics of the tonalite electrical structure model, providing a basis for further prospecting and exploration. Therefore, this method of identifying lithology by 3D inversion can provide an important basis for mineral exploration and mining of buried rock masses, and is an effective prospecting method.