Current and emerging physical modelling technologies

The physical modelling conference series has served as the primary mechanism for dissemination of physical modelling methods within the geotechnical community over the past several decades. Each set of proceedings charts the advances made in modelling methods from simple experiments to tests of increasing realism driven by increased sophistication of actuators and control systems, sensors, and understanding of scaling relationships. This manuscript reviews the contributions made to advance the state of the art of modelling methods contained within the proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Physical Modelling in Geotechnics 2018 to identify advances in measurement and control technologies, advances in modelling methods inspired by new research questions, and advances in boundary conditions, repeatability, and interpretation of scaling relationships.