Deep Multi-Stage CSI Acquisition for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Aided MIMO Systems

This letter aims to reduce huge pilot overhead when estimating the reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) relayed wireless channel. Motivated by the compelling grasp of deep learning in tackling nonlinear mapping problems, the proposed approach only activates a part of RIS elements and utilizes the corresponding cascaded channel estimate to predict another part. Through a synthetic deep neural network (DNN), the direct channel and active cascaded channel are first estimated sequentially, followed by the channel prediction for the inactive RIS elements. A three-stage training strategy is developed for this synthetic DNN. From simulation results, the proposed deep learning based approach is effective in reducing the pilot overhead and guaranteeing the reliable estimation accuracy.