A novel semi-supervised learning framework for hyperspectral image classification

In this paper, we propose a novel semi-supervised learning classification framework using box-based smooth ordering and multiple 1D-embedding-based interpolation (M1DEI) in [J. Wang, Semi-supervised learning using multiple one-dimensional embedding-based adaptive interpolation, Int. J. Wavelets Multiresolut. Inf. Process. 14(2) (2016) 11 pp.] for hyperspectral images. Due to the lack of labeled samples, conventional supervised approaches cannot generally perform efficient enough. On the other hand, obtaining labeled samples for hyperspectral image classification is difficult, expensive and time-consuming, while unlabeled samples are easily available. The proposed method can effectively overcome the lack of labeled samples by introducing new labeled samples from unlabeled samples in a label boosting framework. Furthermore, the proposed method uses spatial information from the pixels in the neighborhood of the current pixel to better catch the features of hyperspectral image. The proposed idea is that, first, we extract the box (cube data) of each pixel from its neighborhood, then apply multiple 1D interpolation to construct the classifier. Experimental results on three hyperspectral data sets demonstrate that the proposed method is efficient, and outperforms recent popular semi-supervised methods in terms of accuracies.