Evaluation of mandibular morphologic measurements and trabecular structure among subgroups of impacted mandibular third molars

Objective To investigate mandibular morphologic measurements and trabecular structures that may cause mandibular third molar (MM3) impaction according to MM3 subgroups. Methods A total of 150 MM3 of 2175 panoramic radiographs (PRs) were reviewed. MM3s according to Winter (vertical), Pell & Gregory Class 1 and group: A, B, C on PRs were included in the study group. Fractal dimensions (FD) and mandibular morphologic measurements were evaluated. Statistical analysis for parametric values was performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Statistical analysis for non-parametric values was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results Statistically, a significant difference was found only in terms of angle of impaction among the groups of MM3 (p < 0.05) [Winter (vertical), and Pell & Gregory Class 1 and group A, B, C]. There was no difference among groups A, B, C in mandibular morphology and trabecular structure, but group C showed different characteristics than the other groups only in terms of impaction angle. Conclusion The trabecular structure and morphometric properties except for the angle of impaction do not affect impacted MM3s with adequate retromolar space and vertical angle.