Quality of life and clinical correlates in older adults living in the community and in nursing homes in Macao

Aim: There have been no previous studies of quality of life (QOL) in older adults in Macao. This study aimed to examine QOL in relation to the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of adults aged >= 50 years in Macao. Methods: A sample of 451 subjects (203 living in the community, 248 living in nursing homes) was interviewed using standardized instruments. Basic sociodemographic and clinical data including QOL were collected. Result: There were no significant differences between the community and nursing home groups in any of the QOL domains. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that poor physical QOL was significantly predicted by severe depressive symptoms, insomnia, major medical conditions, unmarried status, and lower education (F-11,F-438 = 26.2, P < 0.001), which accounted for 38.2% of the variance. Poor psychological QOL was significantly predicted by severe depressive symptoms and lower educational level (F-11,F-438 = 24.3, P < 0.001), which accounted for 36.4% of the variance. Poor social QOL was significantly predicted by severe depressive symptoms, male gender, and unmarried status (F-11,F-438 = 5.6, P < 0.001), which accounted for 12.5% of the variance. Poor environment QOL was significantly predicted by lower educational level, severe depressive symptoms, and younger age (F-11,F-438 = 6.6, P < 0.001), which accounted for 12.1% of the variance. Conclusion: Older Macanese adults had poorer scores on physical and social QOL domains than the general Hong Kong Chinese population. Their QOL was more strongly related to severe depressive symptoms, major medical conditions, and insomnia.