Assessing the efficiency of mating in broiler breeder flocks by enumerating the spermatozoa which penetrate the inner perivitelline layer over the germinal disc

1. The frequency distribution of points of hydrolysis produced by spermatozoa in the perivitelline layer from directly over the germinal disc was examined in 60 samples of 60 eggs from commercial broiler breeder flocks. 2. Typically, these distributions were positively skewed, although log transformation of the data revealed 2 populations: one representing eggs which contained no evidence of spermatozoa and another in which the data were, generally, normally distributed. 3. Problem flocks with low fertility had more eggs without evidence of spermatozoa and, compared to control flocks with acceptable fertility, a lower median and mean before and after log transformation, respectively. 4. In 4 flocks studied between 30 to 55 weeks of age, the median number of points-of-hydrolysis in samples of eggs fell from around 200 at peak to less that 20 at 55 weeks, whilst the mean proportion of fertile eggs laid by the whole flocks fell from 94% at peak to around 79% at 55 weeks. 5. A log-linear relationship was demonstrated between flock fertility and the median points-of-hydrolysis from the inner perivitelline layer over the germinal disc in samples of 60 eggs (R-2=0.79). 6. The main advantages of this system for measuring sperm-in-eggs are that it is technically simple and presents a more expanded scale than fertility, so that an estimation of whole flock fertility can be derived from a sample of 60 eggs.