Characterization of vanadium in oil sands fluid petroleum coke using electron microscopy

被引：24
|
作者：
Zuliani, Jocelyn E. [1 ,2 ]
Miyata, Tomohiro [2 ]
Mizoguchi, Teruyasu [2 ]
Feng, Jing [1 ]
Kirk, Donald W. [1 ]
Jia, Charles Q. [1 ]
机构：
[1] Univ Toronto, Dept Chem Engn & Appl Chem, 200 Coll St, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada
[2] Univ Tokyo, Inst Ind Sci, Meguro Ku, 4-6-1 Komaba, Tokyo 1538505, Japan
来源：
FUEL | 2016年 / 178卷
基金：
加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;
关键词：
Vanadium nanocrystals; Oil sands petroleum coke; Inorganic minerals; Vanadyl porphyrins; Extraction process; Long-term leachability; ATOMIC-ABSORPTION-SPECTROMETRY; HEAVY CRUDE PETROLEUMS; CERIODAPHNIA-DUBIA; NICKEL; PORPHYRINS; TOXICITY; SULFUR; ASPHALTENE; COMBUSTION; MORPHOLOGY;
D O I：
10.1016/j.fuel.2016.03.015
中图分类号：
TE [石油、天然气工业]; TK [能源与动力工程];
学科分类号：
0807 ; 0820 ;
摘要：
Naturally occurring vanadium is found in many heavy oils and bitumen, which are upgraded to synthetic crude oil via the coking process. During coking the vanadium concentrates in the solid heavy oil product, petroleum coke. However, potential releases of this toxic vanadium, either due to long term natural leaching from stockpiles or during combustion, presents environmental and health concerns. In this study, the vanadium present in petroleum coke was characterized using high resolution transmission electron microscope imaging with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Vanadium was observed in nanocrystalline mineral clusters, and is consistently associated with silicon, oxygen, sulfur, and iron. A distinct lattice structure is observed in these nanocrystals. This result is different from previous theories, which predicted that the coking process did not decompose the vanadyl porphyrins present in bitumen. By identifying the vanadium nanocrystals in petroleum coke, the long term fate of vanadium in petroleum coke stockpiles in reclaimed land may be predicted. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码：124 / 128
页数：5
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