Lithium chloride reduces orthodontically induced root resorption and affects tooth root movement in rats

Objective: To investigate the influence of lithium chloride (LiCI) on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), orthodontically induced root resorption (OIRR), and bone morphometry. Materials and Methods: Ten-week-old female Sprague Dawley rats (n = 32) were divided into four groups based on the concentration of LiCI administered daily per kilogram body weight: 0 (control group), 0.32, 0.64, and 1.28 mM/kg body weight. The maxillary left first molars were moved mesially by a 10 cN coil spring for 14 days. Micro-computed tomography, scanning electron microscope, and scanning laser microscope images were taken to measure the amount of OTM, the volume of OIRR, and bone morphometry. Results: OIRR clearly decreased depending on the amount of LiCI administered, although OTM moderately decreased. The tooth inclined mesially and the root apex moved distally in the control and 0.32 mM groups. On the other hand, the tooth inclination angle became smaller and the root apex moved mesially in the 0.64 and 1.28 mM groups. In bone morphometry, the cortical bone mineral content and bone volume increased because of LiCI administration, and the trabecular bone measurements decreased. OIRR negatively correlated to the cortical bone measurements, and the amount of OTM significantly correlated to the cortical bone morphometry. Conclusions: In rats, LiCI reduced OIRR, which induced mesial movement of the tooth root apex. OIRR positively correlated to cortical bone morphometry.