Chemical Effects at the Coke-Oven Lining. 1. Reactions with the Coal Charge

The probability of reactions in the coke-battery lining on the oven side is assessed. The temperature ranges corresponding to such reactions are determined. The reaction products that are thermodynamically possible are iron oxides (FeO, Fe3O4), carbon monoxide and dioxide (CO, CO2), elemental sodium Na, and carbonates of calcium, sodium, and potassium (CaCO3, Na2CO3, K2CO3). The carbon monoxide and dioxide formed may be involved in subsequent reactions or may form part of the coke-oven gas. The reaction kinetics, which depends on the porosity of the lining, the temperature conditions, the properties of the batch, and other factors, necessitates the minimization of direct contact between the lining, the batch, and the coking products. This is possible by applying special ceramic coatings to the bricks. On account of large temperature fluctuations, the harmful reactions will be particularly intense in the lining at the extreme heating channels and at charging and gas vents, and so preventive measures are particularly important in those regions.