Three stages of the origin of life process: bifurcation, stabilization and inversion

The principal succession of transformations of a prebiotic microsystem leading to its transition into the primary living state is theoretically substantiated. For the first stage of the succession. a significant change in the external conditions constrains in organic microsystem to leave the current stable state with the following transition into a new stable state through the unstable critical (bifurcation) point. At the bifurcation point the microsystem acquires the original properties without which life cannot exist (self-maintaining heterogeneous structure, incessant fluctuations and rearrangement of molecules, exchange with the surroundings by matter and energy, etc.). During the second stage its unstable state stabilizes relatively by means of the balanced oscillations around the bifurcation point (the paradoxical state or 'stabilized instability' appears). The third stage is characterized with the radical turn in the network of chemical reactions: the free energy contribution begins to prevail over the entropy contribution. As a result, constructive transformations proceed faster than destructive transformations. At this stage the key properties of biological organization appear: the ability to concentrate free energy and information, intensified counteraction to external influences, expedient behaviour and persistent self-renovation. On the early Earth, such successive transformation of organic matter occurred in the changeable conditions of a hydrothermal medium. Some new methods for experimental and theoretical research in the origin of life field are suggested.