Effects of comprehensive nursing intervention on maternal and infant outcomes for gestational diabetes mellitus patients

Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a disease which seriously affects the maternal and infant outcomes. With the progress of the medical technology, more attention has been paid on the nursing intervention for GDM patients. This study aimed to investigate the effects of comprehensive nursing intervention on maternal and infant outcomes for GDM patients. Methods Ninety-three GDM patients were randomly divided into intervention group (45 cases) and control group (48 cases). During the perinatal period, the control group received the routine nursing (one-off health education and nutrition and exercise guidance, regular pregnancy monitoring, regular postpartum care, etc.). The intervention group received the comprehensive nursing intervention including psychological intervention, health education, diet control, exercise intervention, pregnancy monitoring, and prevention of postpartum complications. The pregnancy indexes, anxiety and depression scores, pregnancy outcome, perinatal infant condition, and nursing satisfaction degree were compared between two groups. Results After nursing, compared with control group, in intervention group, the pregnancy weight gain, amniotic fluid index, fasting blood glucose, 2-h postprandial blood glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin were significantly decreased; the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale scores were significantly decreased (p < 0.01); the incidences of gestational hypertension, premature birth, hydramnion, cesarean section, fetal distress, urinary tract infection, and postpartum hemorrhage were significantly decreased (p < 0.05); and the incidences of neonatal hypoglycemia, asphyxia neonatorum, and hyperbilirubinemia in intervention group were significantly decreased (p < 0.05). The nursing satisfaction rate in intervention group was significantly higher than that in control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion For patients with GDM, the appropriate comprehensive nursing intervention can effectively improve the maternal and infant outcomes.